《李尔王》词汇表

[1]Lear [liə]：李尔。

[2]Goneril ['ɡɔnəril]：高纳里尔。

[3]Albany ['ɔ:lbəni]：奥本尼。

[4]Regan ['ri:ɡən]：里根。

[5]Cornwall ['kɔ:nwəl]：康华尔。

[6]Cordelia [kɔ:'di:liə]：考狄利娅。

[7]Burgundy ['bə:ɡəndi]：勃艮第。

[8]joint suitors = they sought to marry Cordelia and were therefore rivals. joint suitors 是 king of France 和 duke of Burgundy 的表语。

[9]worn out with = tired out with.

[10]fourscore = eighty. score = twenty.

[11]that he might = in order that he might.

[12]at no long period = with a short period.

[13]give out：表达（= represent; express）。

[14]a deal of = a great deal of; a lot of.

[15]professing stuff：花言巧语（= words that were all profession on pretence; insincere utterance）。stuff = nonsense.

[16]thinking truly that her heart went with it：truly 是副词，修饰现在分词 thinking。

[17]hollow metal：虚伪的本质（= insincere substance; deceitful essence）。这里指Regan 和 Goneril 一样缺乏诚意，专门扯谎。

[18]not a whit behind：一点儿也不差（= not at all inferior）。

[19]insomuch that = to such an extent that.

[20]blessed himself = thought himself very fortunate; congratulated himself.

[21]glad his ears = gladen（please）his ears.

[22]wheedle the old king out of = coax the old king to give up.

[23]that = in order that.

[24]had given her breeding = had brought her up.

[25]But that = But she told her father that.

[26]large speeches = extravagant words.

[27]gave her hand：结婚（= married）。

[28]to love her father all = if she is to love her father exclusively.

[29]extravagantly = unreasonably.

[30]handsomest = most handsome.

[31]mercenary ends = aiming at reward.

[32]ostentatious = showy.

[33]spleen = ill-humour; peevishness.

[34]that：that 的先行词是this reservation。

[35]by monthly course = for periods of a month at a time; every month alternately.

[36]preposterous：pre（前）+ post（后）+ erous（形容词语尾）= 前后矛盾，引申为stupid 之意。

[37]his wrath [rɔ:θ]= the object of his wrath, Cordelia.

[38]on pain of death：违者处死（= on penalty of death; at the risk of being sentenced to death）。

[39]as a pawn to wage: as = like. to wage = to contend; to struggle.

[40]to do Lear good：为了李尔的利益（= for the benefit of Lear）。

[41]he would see with his eyes: he = the king. his = Kent’s.

[42]for he would answer with his life, his judgment that：answer 的宾语是 his judgment。

[43]that Lear’s … hollowness：（a）这是名词从句，系judgment 的同位语；

（b）those 是 nor were … hollowness 的主语，nor were … empty-hearted 是其谓语；

（c）whose low sound gave no token of hollowness 是定语从句，修饰 those。

[44]answered = followed.

[45]to shape his old course to a new country：到一个新国家去，照以前那样行事（= to behave

in the same old way in a new country）。

[46]but her own person = except her own body.

[47]the not being：是动名词短语，和前面的 tardiness of speech 并为 it 的表语。

[48]above a kingdom = worth more than a kingdom.

[49]waterish duke：此处 water 语意双关，一方面指勃艮第河流很多，同时也指公爵为人浅薄。watery = poor; washy; vapid.

[50]make good their professions = demonstrate the truth of; do as well as they had promised.

[51]Fortune’s alms：命运之神施舍的东西（= charity of Fortune）。

[52]those small remnants of royalty：指国王保留的那点儿特权，如一百名侍从（= the privileges which

the king had preserved for himself, such as his escort of a hundred knights）。

[53]feign sickness, or anything：anything 是 feign 的宾语。

[54]slackened in = was negligent of.

[55]affected to treat him with neglect：故意冷落地对待他（= made a show of treating him with neglect）。

[56]estranged by ill: estranged = to estrange = e (to make) + strange = to make strange. ill = illusage (treatment).

[57]abide = bear; risk.

[58]so as = so long as.

[59]but = only.

[60]In the … serving man, all his greatness and pomp laid aside：serving man = male-servant.

all his greatness … laid aside 是独立短语。

[61]proffered = offered.

[62]who 的谓语动词，即 and Lear took Kent into his service 的 took。这种用法按一般文法是不允许的，但因中间修饰性从句太多，作者把 and Lear（即 who, king）添上去，以免读者误解。

[63]Caius ['kaiəs]：卡厄斯。

[64]made no more ado = made no diffi culty about it; did not hesitate.

[65]presently = immediately.

[66]more and more attached to him：more and more 是副词，修饰 attached to。

[67]the poor fool, or jester, that had been … to make them sport … this poor fool：

（a）make them sport = provide entertainment for them；

（b）the poor fool, or jester 是主语，that … business 是修饰它的定语从句，由于句子太长，把 this poor fool 重复了一次。

[68]would keep up：主语是前面的 this poor fool。

[69]at which time：这是过去的用法，现在一般用 at that time。

[70]For … did weep：did weep 的主语是前面的these daughters。

[71]for sorrow sung = sang for sorrow.

[72]go the fools among = go among the fools.

[73]cut to the quick = hurt sharply. the quick = the tender or sensitive flesh in any part of the body, 

as that under the nails.

[74]for its pains = for its troubles.

[75]foolish fond = foolishly affectionate.

[76]none but = none except.

[77]cut off his train = reduce the number of his attendants.

[78]kite = a rapacious, greedy bird, hence, a person of this character.

[79]skilled in all …, and not given to：skilled 和 not given to 均修饰 men of choice … manners.

[80]marble-hearted：冷酷的；铁石心肠的（=hard-hearted）。

[81]so as was = in such a way that it was. 现在只用作方言。

[82]thankless = ungrateful.

[83]would not hear him out：out = to the end. 例：Hear me out, please. 请你把我的话听完。

[84]in a fi t of honest passion：出于一阵义愤。

[85]but a worse followed = but a worse reception followed.

[86]upon inquiry for = when he inquired for.

[87]tell her own story = tell in her own way.

[88]wanted discretion = was without common sense and tact.

[89]unnatural dependence：反常的依靠（= as for the father to depend on the daughter for food and clothes）。

[90]she had not forgot：现代英语中一般作 she had not forgotten。

[91]which he had endowed her with：endowed 的宾语是 which。

[92]five-and-twenty = twenty-fi ve.

[93]nigh heart-broken = nearly heart-broken.

[94]by little and little = little by little.

[95]would have abated：虚拟语气的情态动词。abated = stripped.

[96]from a king to a beggar = from being a king to being a beggar.

[97]and it was … his daughters’ denying it, … of it, which pierced：

（a）此句由 it is +（代）名词（ingratitude）+ 关系代词（which）构成；

（b）denying it：it 指 train（侍从）= refusing to allow him to have a train。

[98]insomuch = to such an extent.

[99]his wits began to be unsettled: wits = reason. unsettled = mentally affected.

[100]while he said he knew not what：he knew not what 是 said 的宾语， 意思是：he said things

which he knew not what things they were. 例： He went I knew not where. 他到哪儿去了，我不知道。

[101]unnatural hags：在这里，unnatural 的意思是“不孝的”或“不尽人情的”。hags = wicked, ugly women.

[102]the elements：自然力（= atmospheric agencies or forces），此处指 lightening，wind and rain。

[103]did king Lear wander out, and defy = king Lear did wander out and defy.

[104]abided = remained. abide 的过去式一般为 abode。

[105]outjest misfortune = to make clever jests to dispel misfortune.

[106]With heigh ho, thewind and the rain!：

（a）这是插入语；（b）heigh ho = an exclamation ofdisappointment；

（c）the wind and the rain = let the wind and the rain come; we must put up with it（it can’t be

helped）。

[107]make content with his fortunes fi t = endeavour to be content with his fortune. fi t with = harmonize with.

[108]brave = excellent.

[109]Thus poorly accompanied = When thus poorly accompanied. 指国王惨到只有一个侍从。例：poorly mounted 骑一匹样子寒碜的马。

[110]transformed to = disguised as.

[111]ever = ever after; always after that time.

[112]Man’s nature cannot endure the affl iction or the fear：

（a）这个句子里的两个 the，语气较重，均含有such 的意思；

（b）the affliction or the fear = such affl iction or such fear = the fury of the storm or the terror it

produces。

[113]these lesser evils：此处 evil 指 bodily discomforts; physical fear and pain。

[114]fi xed = affl icted.

[115]the body has leisure to be delicate = a man has leisure to be careful about his body. to be delicate =to be dainty; to object to discomfort.

[116]all feeling else …, but of that which = all feeling else …, than the feeling of that which.

[117]it was all one as if：正好像（= it was exactly the same as if）。

[118]Bedlam = Bethlehem的变形，古代伦敦的疯人院 Bethlehem Hospital 的简称。这里

泛指疯子。

[119]one of those poor lunatics … to extort … who go about：extort = obtain by force. who 的先行词是 those poor lunatics。

[120]poor Tom and poor Turlygood：（a）相当于可怜的张三和可怜的李四，Tom 是英国男人常用的名字 Thomas 的简称，Bedlam beggar 通常自称 Tom O’ Bedlam或 Poor Tom；

（b）Turlygood = Turlupine, 古意大利词，意思是“疯子”“傻子”，Bedlam Beggar 喜欢装疯卖傻，故有此称。

[121]but that the fellow was = that the fellow was not.

[122]pass = critical state.

[123]had the person of his royal master removed：此句的结构 是：have + 宾词（the person … master）+过去分词（宾词补语），意为“让人去把……送到……”。person = body.

[124]at daybreak to the castle of Dover ['dəuvə]：多佛，在肯特郡，是英国距欧洲大陆最近的海港，临英吉利海峡。daybreak（名词+ 动词）= dawn. 例：sunset 日落。

[125]lay：lie 的过去式，在这里 lie 作 exist解。

[126]set out in such lively colours = declared very vividly.

[127]power = force; army.

[128]stark mad = entirely mad.

[129]with a crown upon his head which：which 的先行词是 a crown。

[130]herbs = plants formedicine.

[131]in a condition to see = could see.

[132]made him that = affected him in such a way that.

[133]might be = ought to be.

[134]should have stayed … and warmed himself：should have stayed 此处用作虚拟语气的情态动词，主语是狗。himself = the dog（himself）.

[135]with purpose to bring = for the purpose of bringing.

[136]winding up = setting in order.

[137]Edmund ['edmənd]：爱德蒙。

[138]natural son：私生子（= illegitimate son; bastard）。

[139]Gloucester ['ɡlɔstə]：葛罗斯特。

[140]and by his wicked practices was now earl himself：practices = plots. was 的主语是前文中的 who，即 Edmund。

[141]It falling out about this time：独立短语。It falling out = It so happening.

[142]Regan … her intention of …, which：which 的先行词是 intention。

[143]at sundry times = at different times.

[144]make away with = kill.

[145]overtook = caught up.

[146]admiring the justice …to admire at：（a）admiring the justice是现代英语的一般用法；

（b）admire at = wonder at. 莎士比亚原剧中作这种解释的地方很多。

[147]the same power = the Justice of Heaven.

[148]Heaven took …to itself: to itself = to Heaven.

[149]illustrious = splendid; glorious.

[150]still attended his old master’s steps = always followed his old master.

[151]care-crazed = crashed; rendered insane by care.

[152]expiring = dying.

[153]between age and grief = what with age and what with grief.

[154]innocent of = guiltless in; blameless in.